Minggu, 08 Februari 2009

Walk to Leave Your Stress Behind


Here’s one walk that can help you unwind and unload some of the stress that may be weighing you -- and your looks -- down:

1. Step outside and leave your stresses -- and your iPod -- behind. 

 2. Take in the details of your surroundings -- the buzz of traffic, the chirp of a bird, the curvature of plants and trees, the precise color of the sky, the shape of moving clouds. 

 3. You will find yourself becoming hyperaware and in the moment. At this point, think about what you are thankful for in your life. It can be general or specific: your health, your family, your experiences at work, your life partner, your children, your last birthday party, and so on. 

 4. Let your mind and memory run free. 

Becoming very present like this gets you thinking in a whole new light and connecting in ways you never imagined. You also get inspired by thinking more broadly rather than focusing on your own inner world and trivial frustrations. It's a great way to beat down stress while at the same time appreciating where you are right now. Also, one of Dr. Amy Wechsler's seven habits for healthy skin (number four, to be exact) entails focusing on the good things. When you're done with your walk, take 5 minutes to write down some of your revelations in a journal.

3 Keys to a Beautiful Nap

Grabbing a short snooze can give you the lift you need to tackle the rest of your day -- physically and mentally -- but the perks don't stop there. Research suggests that napping benefits almost every aspect of human wellness, from lowering your risk for heart disease and repairing cells to lifting your mood and stamina to knocking down stress and making you more productive. All this can translate to living longer, staying more active, and looking younger. 

What are the keys to being a power napper? Follow these three simple rules: 

Set aside 30 minutes total -- 10 minutes to fall asleep and 20 minutes for the actual nap. Use an alarm.

Take off your shoes and get comfortable; try to nap in a reclined position on a couch or in your car (but be safe); avoid direct sunlight.

Avoid napping past 3 p.m. If you nap too late in the day, you can disrupt your nighttime sleep.

Smoothie for Your Skin


For a sweet treat that’ll help your skin from the inside out, try Dr. Amy Wechsler’s berry smoothie.


Wechsler, RealAge’s own skin expert and author of The Mind-Beauty Connection, has a recipe that really packs in the face-friendly nutrients, thanks to a dose of makes-your-skin-glow omega-3 fats from flaxseeds.


Dr. Wechsler’s Skin-Fresh Smoothie :

1 cup water (plain), or soymilk, or low-fat or skim milk
1 cup fresh or frozen berries of your choice (try a medley of raspberries, blueberries, and blackberries)
2 tablespoons flaxseed meal or flax oil
Ice and agave nectar to taste
Optional: 1 scoop vanilla or chocolate whey protein powder

Combine water or milk, berries, and flax in a blender. Cover, and blend until smooth. Taste. If you want it thicker, add ice. If you want it sweeter, add a tablespoon of agave nectar. If you want extra nutritional punch, add the protein powder. (Natural-food stores carry a wide variety of these; just make sure not to buy meal-replacement powder.) If you want more good-for-your-skin nutrients, blend in some vegetables like cucumber or broccoli, too. With the sweetness of the berries, Dr. Wechsler notes, you won’t even taste the veggies.

Sabtu, 07 Februari 2009

Soap operas


Watching TV is a very popular pastime in the UK. But what kind of programmes do British people like to watch? Well, the most-watched TV programmes every week are very popular dramas that are usually on at least four times every week. They are dramas based in one neighbourhood that try to depict ordinary life in the UK - we call these dramas ‘soap operas’ or ‘soaps’.

In the early days of TV, there were often dramas on during the day. Back in those days, it was traditional for the husband to go out to work and for the wife to stay at home and look after the house and the children. Most of these daytime dramas were aimed at entertaining the housewives who would traditionally be at home, probably doing the washing. Companies selling washing powder would advertise their products at times when these dramas were on, and sometimes those companies would even sponsor the drama. Hence the word ‘soap’.

So what about the word opera? Well, that’s because these dramas are often an exaggeration of real life. They are supposed to represent ordinary lives but, to make them entertaining, lots of dramatic events, like murders, divorces, affairs etc., all happen probably much more regularly than they would in a normal neighbourhood.

Most soap operas these days are shown in the evening. Each show will have several different storylines happening at once that continue over several shows. The same cast members will appear in every show, too.

There are lots of different soaps on in the UK on different channels but there are three main popular ones. ‘Coronation Street’ has been on since 1960. It is set in a suburb of Manchester and it’s supposed to represent working class life in the north of England. Then there’s ‘Eastenders’ which started in 1985, set in the East End of London, and ‘Emmerdale’, which is set on a farm in Yorkshire, in the north of England.

The BBC even has a soap opera to help you learn English - so if you want to experience one of these dramas in English, ‘The Flatmates’ would be a good place to start - go to www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/flatmates.

Vocabulary

pastime
what you do outside work for enjoyment, e.g. a hobby

neighbourhood
an area where people live rather than work or do shopping

to depict
to describe, to show, to represent

housewives
women who work at home, doing the cleaning, cooking, etc., and who usually have no other job

washing powder
laundry detergent; a cleaning substance in powder form used for washing clothes

advertise
show short television commercials to promote

sponsor
here, pay for filming

hence the word 'soap'
this is how the word 'soap' became part of the expression

an exaggeration
showing or representing something in a more dramatic, serious or shocking way than it really is

affairs
here, intimate relations outside marriage

at once
here, simultaneously, at the same time

cast members
actors in a particular film or TV series

it is set in a suburb of Manchester
the action takes place in an area near Manchester (people from suburbs usually work in the city which they are close to, however there are usually very few or no businesses within a suburb itself)

it’s supposed to represent
the intention is to show; it's meant to show

3 Veggies That Make Your Brain Younger

Broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage. Consider them a facelift for your brain.
That's because munching on veggies like these -- which belong to the cruciferous family of veggies -- could shave 1 to 2 years off your mind's age. Here's how they help

The Big Memory Reveal Women who filled out a food-intake questionnaire demonstrated some pretty significant memory muscle on tests when their questionnaires revealed a true love for all things cruciferous (as well as leafy and green, like spinach). In fact, the veggie-lovers? test scores were more in line with those of women a couple of years younger. That means your brain could be 48 when the calendar says it?s 50. Not bad.

Mighty NutrientsThink cruciferous for cancer protection, too. Here?s why.Researchers speculate that nutrients like lutein and folate, found in abundance in foods like spinach, may be part of the reason for the brain benefits that cruciferous and leafy green veggies confer.

Jumat, 06 Februari 2009

Toyota triples year loss forecast



06 February, 2009 - Published 14:10 GMT

Toyota is now the world's largest car maker, but only because sales at its great rival General Motors have plunged even more quickly.

The Japanese company is now forecasting an operating loss of 4.9 billion dollars by the end of the financial year.

The announcement came as Toyota posted quarterly results showing it made an operating loss of four billion dollars in October to December alone. It's the first time in its seventy year history it's gone into the red and comes after years of record profits.

Japan's exporters are being hit hard by the global economic downturn, and in recent days a string of big name companies have made grim results announcements. Demand is falling around the world for their electronics, machinery and cars. Japanese companies are being hurt further by the strength of the yen, which makes them less competitive and erodes the value of their earnings abroad.

Roland Buerk, BBC News, Tokyo

rival
a person or company competing in the same area or industry

plunged
fallen suddenly

forecasting
'to forecast' means to say what you expect to happen in the future

posted quarterly results
made their financial profits or losses (over a period of three months) available to the public

made an operating loss
failed to make a profit despite still trading

gone into the red
fallen into debt

record profits
making more money than ever before

grim
without hope

Demand is falling
the need or desire for something is becoming less

erodes
decreases gradually



West Indies to get its first white cricketer


04 February, 2009 - Published 16:59 GMT

West Indies to get its first white cricketer
 
 



Brendan Nash is expected to become the first white cricketer to represent the West Indies in a home test in more than 30 years. The Australian-born player is in the squad to face England in Jamaica, his parents' birthplace. Our Sports News reporter Alex Capstick reports: 

Listen to the story
It's a most unlikely homecoming. Brendan Nash was born in Perth, Western Australia. His family had moved from Jamaica. He was a good cricketer but ultimately failed to make his mark in Australia. 

It was during the 2007 World Cup in the Caribbean that he decided to move to the land of his parents. Within a year of playing cricket for Jamaica he was included in the squad to tour New Zealand where he made his test debut. 

His inclusion had divided opinion. For racial reasons some people objected to Brendan Nash's selection. No white man had played for the West Indies since Geoff Greenidge represented the region in 1973. Others were sceptical of a player who in effect was an Australian reject. 

But his performances in New Zealand suggested he could add some much needed resilience to the West Indies batting line-up. And it's hoped his professional attitude, honed in the tough Australian system, will rub off on his new colleagues. 

It's been a long time since the West Indies had a team to be proud of. They haven't won a test series against England in fifteen years. If Brendan Nash can help stop the rot, the cricket loving public in the Caribbean probably won't mind what colour he is. 

Alex Capstick, BBC

to make his mark
here, to succeed 

made his test debut

played in a five-day international cricket game for the first time 

had divided opinion
made some people agree with the decision and others, disagree 

objected to
were against 

were sceptical of
doubted, questioned, were doubtful of 

resilience
being able to recover quickly from a setback/problem 

line-up
team/members of the team 

honed
practised for such a long period of time that it has become excellent 

rub off on
influence, have a positive effect on 

help stop the rot
contribute to the improvement

UK hit by heavy snow


02 February, 2009 - Published 14:10 GMT
 
UK hit by heavy snow
 

 Heavy overnight snow has caused widespread disruption across much of eastern England and the Midlands. Road and rail services have been badly affected, there has been disruption to flights and many schools have closed. Rob Broomby reports:

" It was the heaviest snowfall in 18 years. Bus services in London carrying 6 million people have been cancelled. 10 of 11 underground lines are completely or partly suspended. The capital's main airport Heathrow has closed both runways for a while and there are still significant delays and cancellations, and there are no flights at all from City airport. Others are suffering long delays and cancellations too. 

Several docks to the west have become iced up. And thousands are without piped water in Wales due to the frozen pipes. Hundreds of schools have been closed across the country and children at least are enjoying conditions. 

The British like to complain that other countries handle the snow better than they do, that the merest sugaring of snowflakes brings normal life to a standstill amidst transport chaos. So why does it happen? Well truly icy conditions here are rare indeed. So why make a massive investment to combat extreme weather conditions that may not be replayed for another 18 years? 

At an individual level the costs of being prepared like some Alpine countries would be high too. The British, for instance, are not required to have winter tyres fitted to cars at the start of the season, nor do they routinely carry snow chains. On the other hand the Brits do like to complain, and secretly they also like being told... sorry you can't get to work "

Rob Broomby, BBC

suspended
if a transport service is suspended, it temporarily stops operating 

docks
places where ships can moor; wharfs, piers 

iced up
frozen, with a coating of ice on the surface 

conditions
here, the weather 

handle
tackle, deal with 

the merest sugaring of snowflakes
even the thinnest covering/layer of snow 

a standstill
when everything stops (here, all means of transportation) 

winter tyres
tyres with a thick pattern that stops a vehicle from sliding on ice or snow (winter tyres are specially designed to be able to bend easily at sub-zero temperatures, without breaking or cracking) 

routinely
usually, repeatedly 

snow chains
special chains that are fitted to a vehicle's tyres to stop it from sliding on ice or snow

Instructions


Jackie: Right Bob, settle down and listen to me. You need to boil this mixture for exactly 2 minutes.

Settle down - settled down - settled down

Meaning: If you settle down, you stop being active or excited and start to behave calmly and quietly. 

Grammar: This phrasal verb may or may not have an object. If there is an object, it usually goes between the verb and particle. If the object is a pronoun, it must go between the verb and particle. 

The baby settled down 
Jack settled the baby down 
Jack settled her down

What Happened?


Jackie: Bob! Are you alright? Bob! Come on Bob, sit up! What happened?

Sit up - sat up - sat up

Meaning: If you sit up, you move from a lying or other position into a sitting position. 

Grammar: This phrasal verb may or may not have an object. If there is an object, it must go between the verb and particle. 

Jane sat up 
Jane sat the baby up 
Jane sat him up

Example sentence: Yuki was lying on the sofa watching TV. She sat up suddenly when she heard a loud knock at the door.

Kamis, 05 Februari 2009

Eropean Commission - Employment, social affairs and equal opportunities

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
Do you think companies should be more responsible in the way they do business? Are you more and more aware of social and environmental influences products you buy, and do you feel you need quality assurance? Do you think that workers need a more rewarding and inspiring work environment?

Corporate social responsibility is companies acting voluntarily and beyond the law to achieve social and environmental objectives during the course of their daily business activities. The European Commission is promoting inclusive and good quality employment practices within enterprises, particularly within the supply chain and down to the respect for human rights in the international context. Flexicurity and diversity management are emerging issues that companies are needing to address. Innovations in employee health management, business education and lifelong learning, and environmental issues are equally part of the CSR agenda, discussions about which are undertaken on a multi-stakeholder basis.

The Commission hosts meetings between Member State CSR specialists and with many different stakeholders. Regular calls for proposals are opened for projects to promote exchanges and sharing of good practice. The Commission organised a major conference at the end of 2007, which put the international dimension of CSR on the map. 2008 will feature further work with international bodies to consolidate a landmark declaration on CSR from the G8 countries at Heiligendam in 2007.

Tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan

Tanggung jawab Sosial Perusahaan atau Corporate Social Responsibility (selanjutnya dalam artikel akan disingkat CSR) adalah suatu konsep bahwa organisasi, khususnya ( namun bukan hanya) perusahaan adalah memiliki suatu tanggung jawab terhadap konsumen, karyawan, pemegang saham, komunitas dan lingkungan dalam segala aspek operasional perusahaan.

CSR berhubungan erat dengan pembangunan berkelanjutan" , di mana ada argumentasi bahwa suatu perusahaan dalam melaksanakan aktivitasnya harus mendasarkan keputusannya tidak semata berdasarkan faktor keuangan, misalnya keuntungan atau deviden melainkan juga harus berdasarkan konsekuensi sosial dan lingkungan untuk saat ini maupun untuk jangka panjang

Analisis dan pengembangan

Hari ini yang menjadi perhatian terbesar dari peran perusahaan dalam masyarakat telah ditingkatkan yaitu dengan peningkatan kepekaan dan kepedulian terhadap lingkungan dan masalah etika. Masalah seperti perusakan lingkungan, perlakuan tidak layak terhadap karyawan, dan cacat produksi yang mengakibatkan ketidak nyamanan ataupun bahaya bagi konsumen adalah menjadi berita utama surat kabar. Peraturan pemerintah pada beberapa negara mengenai lingkungan hidup dan permasalahan sosial semakin tegas, juga standar dan hukum seringkali dibuat hingga melampaui batas kewenangan negara pembuat peraturan ( misalnya peraturan yang dibuat oleh Uni Eropa. Beberapa investor dan perusahaam manajemen investasi telah mulai memperhatikan kebijakan CSR dari suatu perusahaan dalam membuat keputusan investasi mereka, sebuah praktek yang dikenal sebagai "Investasi bertanggung jawab sosial" (socially responsible investing).

Banyak pendukung CSR yang memisahkan CSR dari sumbangan sosial dan "perbuatan baik" (atau kedermawanan seperti misalnya yang dilakukan oleh Habitat for Humanity atau Ronald McDonald House), namun sesungguhnya sumbangan sosial merupakan bagian kecil saja dari CSR. Perusahaan di masa lampau seringkali mengeluarkan uang untuk proyek-proyek komunitas, pemberian bea siswa dan pendirian yayasan sosial. Mereka juga seringkali menganjurkan dan mendorong para pekerjanya untuk sukarelawan (volunteer) dalam mengambil bagian pada proyek komunitas sehingga menciptakan suatu itikad baik dimata komunitas tersebut yang secara langsung akan meningkatkan reputasi perusahaan serta memperkuat merek perusahaan. Dengan diterimanya konsep CSR, terutama triple bottom line, perusahaan mendapatkan kerangka baru dalam menempatkan berbagai kegiatan sosial di atas.

Kepedulian kepada masyarakat sekitar/relasi komunitas dapat diartikan sangat luas, namun secara singkat dapat dimengerti sebagai peningkatan partisipasi dan posisi organisasi di dalam sebuah komunitas melalui berbagai upaya kemaslahatan bersama bagi organisasi dan komunitas. CSR adalah bukan hanya sekedar kegiatan amal, di mana CSR mengharuskan suatu perusahaan dalam pengambilan keputusannya agar dengan sungguh-sungguh memperhitungkan akibat terhadap seluruh pemangku kepentingan(stakeholder) perusahaan, termasuk lingkungan hidup. Hal ini mengharuskan perusahaan untuk membuat keseimbangan antara kepentingan beragam pemangku kepentingan eksternal dengan kepentingan pemegang saham, yang merupakan salah satu pemangku kepentingan internal.
"dunia bisnis, selama setengah abad terakhir, telah menjelma menjadi institusi paling berkuasa diatas planet ini. Institusi yang dominan di masyarakat manapun harus mengambil tanggung jawab untuk kepentingan bersama….setiap keputusan yang dibuat, setiap tindakan yang diambil haruslah dilihat dalam kerangka tanggung jawab tersebut [1]

Sebuah definisi yang luas oleh World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD) yaitu suatu suatu asosiasi global yang terdiri dari sekitar 200 perusahaan yang secara khusus bergerak dibidang "pembangunan berkelanjutan" ( sustainable development) yang menyatakan bahwa:
" CSR adalah merupakan suatu komitmen berkelanjutan oleh dunia usaha untuk bertindak etis dan memberikan kontribusi kepada pengembangan ekonomi dari komunitas setempat ataupun masyarakat luas, bersamaan dengan peningkatan taraf hidup pekerjanya beserta seluruh keluarganya"

Di beberapa negara dibutuhkan laporan pelaksanaan CSR, walaupun sulit diperoleh kesepakatan atas ukuran yang digunakan untuk mengukur kinerja perusahaan dalam aspek sosial. Smentara aspek lingkungan--apalagi aspek ekonomi--memang jauh lebih mudah diukur. Banyak perusahaan sekarang menggunakan audit eksternal guna memastikan kebenaran laporan tahunan perseroan yang mencakup kontribusi perusahaan dalam pembangunan berkelanjutan, biasanya diberi nama laporan CSR atau laporan keberlanjutan. Akan tetapi laporan tersebut sangat luas formatnya, gayanya dan metodologi evaluasi yang digunakan (walaupun dalam suatu industri yang sejenis). Banyak kritik mengatakan bahwa laporan ini hanyalah sekedar "pemanis bibir" (suatu basa-basi), misalnya saja pada kasus laporan tahunan CSR dari perusahaan Enron dan juga perusahaan-perusahaan rokok. Namun, dengan semakin berkembangnya konsep CSR dan metode verifikasi laporannya, kecenderungan yang sekarang terjadi adalah peningkatan kebenaran isi laporan. Bagaimanapun, laporan CSR atau laporan keberlanjutan merupakan upaya untuk meningkatkan akuntabilitas perusahaan di mata para pemangku kepentingannya.

Kasus bisnis pada CSR diantara perusahaan-perusahaan biasanya berkisar satu ataupun lebih dari argumentasi dibawah ini :

Sumber daya manusia

Program CSR dapat dilihat sebagai suatu pertolongan dalam bentuk rekrutmen tenaga kerja dan memperjakan masyarakat sekitar  terutama sekali dengan adanya persaingan kerja diantara para lulusan sekolah. Akan terjadi peningkatan kemungkinan untuk ditanyakannya kebijakan CSR perusahaan pada rekrutmen tenaga kerja yang berpotesi maka dengan memiliki suatu kebijakan komprehensif akan menjadi suatu nilai tambah perusahaan. CSR dapat juga digunakan untuk membentuk suatu atmosfir kerja yang nyaman diantara para staf, terutama apabila mereka dapat dilibatkan dalam "penyisihan gaji" dan aktifitas "penggalangan dana" atapun suka relawan.

Manajemen risiko

Manajemen resiko merupakan inti dari strategi perusahaan. Reputasi yang dibentuk dengan susah payah selama bertahun-tahun dapat musnah dalam sekejap melalui insiden seperti skandal korupsi atau skandal lingkungan hidup. Kejadian ini dapat menarik perhatian yang tidak diinginkan dari penguasa, pengadilan, pemerintah dan media massa. Membentuk suatu budaya dari "mengerjakan sesuatu dengan benar" pada perusahaan dapat mengurangi risiko ini

Membedakan merek

Ditengah hiruk pikuknya pasar maka perusahaan berupaya keras untuk membuat suatu cara penjualan yang unik dimana hal ini akan dapat membedakan produknya dari para pesaingnya di benak konsumen.CSR dapat berperan untuk menciptakan loyalitas konsumen atas dasar nilai khusus dari etika perusahaan

Ijin usaha

Perusahaan selalu berupaya agar menghindari gangguan dalam usahanya melalui perpajakan atau peraturan. Dengan melakukan sesuatu 'kebenaran" secara sukarela maka mereka akan dapat meyakinkan pemerintah dan masyarakat luas bahwa mereka sangat serius dalam memperhatikan masalah kesehatan dan keselamatan, diskriminasi atau lingkungan hidup maka dengan demikian mereka dapat menghindari intervensi. Perusahaan yang membuka usaha diluar negara asalnya dapat memastikan bahwa mereka diterima dengan baik selaku warga perusahaan yang baik dengan memperhatikan kesejahteraan tenaga kerja dan akibat terhadap lingkungan hidup, sehingga dengan demikian keuntungan yang menyolok dan gaji dewan direksinya yang sangat tinggi tidak dipersoaakan.

Motif perselisihan bisnis

Kritik atas CSR akan menyebabkan suatu alasan dimana akhirnya bisnis perusahaan dipersalahkan. Contohnya, ada kepercayaan bahwa program CSR seringkali dilakukan sebagai suatu upaya untuk mengalihkan perhatian masyarakat atas masalah etika dari bisnis utama perseroan.



Selasa, 03 Februari 2009

Bob and Jackie's Chemistry Project


Bob: What did she say? Heat for 10 minutes... seems like a long time to me... I hope it turns out alright.


Turn out - turned out - turned out


Meaning: We use turn out to talk about how a situation develops or ends.
Grammar: This phrasal verb does not usually have an object. It is often followed by an adverb or adjective.
The weather turned out fine The performance didn't turn out very well


Example sentence: She followed the recipe very carefully, but the cake still turned out really badly


Example sentence: She followed the recipe very carefully, but the cake still turned out really badly


Synonyms: result, end up, finish up



  • The weather turned out fine

  • The performance didn't turn out very well


Bob and Jackie's Chemistry Project


Bob: It's starting to smell a bit funny... I hope it doesn't blow up or anything!

Blow up - blew up - blown up

Meaning: If something blows up, it explodes violently into lots of small pieces.

Example sentence: Several people were injured when the building blew up.

Synonyms: explode

  • The terrorists blew up the police station
  • The terrorists blew the police station up
  • The terrorists blew it up
  • The gas canister blew up

Minggu, 01 Februari 2009

Tips for a perfect cup of coffee


For a really delicious cup of coffee, follow these tips:


  • Always ensure your coffee maker is clean.

  • Use fresh filtered water to brew the coffee.

  • Rinse the coffee pot well before you start

  • Use the correct size filter paper.

  • Use fresh coffee, possibly a one-cup portion. After opening a packet, keep the coffee in a tightly-sealed container.

  • Buy the correct coffee grind for your machine.

  • Use the same amount of coffee each time, in order to gain as consistent a flavour as possible.

  • Make sure the coffee is evenly distributed within the filter bag.

  • The best coffee is brewed at around 96° C.The ideal temperature to serve it is around 85° C.

  • Coffee is at its most delicious flavor directly after being brewed.

  • For a uniform flavor, the coffee in the pot should be stirred before pouring.

  • Do not leave coffee standing on the burner for too long, or the fine aromas will be lost. If you wish to keep the coffee for longer, use a thermal server.

  • Remember to de-scale the coffee machine every so often. How often this will be necessary will depend on the hardness of the water in your area.

  • Use clean serving decanters.